Table 1 Transgenic rat models of Alzheimer’s disease
Name | Transgene | Background | Amyloid pathology | Tau pathology | Other | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UKUR28 | hAPP751 Swe, Ind PDGF promoter | Wistar (outbred) | iAβ in cortex and hippocampus from 6 mo No plaques | N/A | Increased pERK2 | |
UKUR25 | hAPP751 Swe, Ind Human PS1 (M146L) PDGF promoter | Wistar (outbred) | iAβ in cortex and hippocampus from 6 mo No plaques | Increased ptau (PHF-1) at 9 mo, no tangles | Increased pERK2, decreased p- p90RSK Altered proteome (SELDI-TOFF MS) Altered subcellular compartments | |
TgAPPswe | hAPP751 Swe, PDGF promoter | Fisher-344 (inbred) | Increased APP mRNA (56%) and Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 peptides, no plaques | N/A | Better cognitive performance in MWM and STFP | [68] |
Tg6590 | hAPP695 Swe, UbiquitinC promoter | Sprague-Dawley (outbred) | Increased APP products Cerebrovascular deposits at 15 mo Few diffuse plaques | Increased ptau (PHF-1) at 15 mo, no tangles. | Impairment in MWM and open-field | |
hAPP695 | hAPP695 wild-type, UbiquitinC promoter | Wistar (outbred) | Increased APP/ Aβ levels (2 fold) in cortex and hippocampus no plaques | N/A | Smaller infarct volume impairment in MWM and BWT after MCAO | [72] |
APP21 APP31 | hAPP695 Swe, Ind, UbiquitinC promoter Lentiviral delivery | Fisher-344 (inbred) | Increased APP products and APP mRNA in brain (2.9 fold), kidneys and lungs Increased Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 in serum No plaques | N/A | ||
PSAPP Tg478/ Tg1116/ Tg11587 | hAPP695 Swe, Rat synapsin I promoter hAPP695 Swe, Lon, PDGFβ promoter Human PS1 (M146V), Rat synapsin I promoter | Sprague-Dawley (inbred) | Mostly diffuse plaques Few compact plaques in hippocampus. No vascular Aβ deposits Aβ load confirmed with (F-18) FDDNP microPET | Increased ptau (AT8, PHF-1), no tangles | Impairment in LTP and in MWM performance Activation of astrocytes and few microglia particularly around plaques No neuronal loss | |
McGill-R-Thy1-APP | hAPP751 Swe, Ind, Mouse Thy1.2 promoter | Wistar (outbred) | Progressive accumulation of iAβ in cortex and hippocampus from 1 week post-natal Aβ plaques starting at 6-9 mo | N/A | Dystrophic neurites and astrogliosis around plaques Progressive learning deficits (MWM) Altered metabolites (MRS) | |
TgF344-AD | hAPP695 Swe, Human PS1ΔE9 Mouse PrP promoter | Fisher-344 (inbred) | Progressive accumulation of iAβ, Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 and Aβ plaques | Increased ptau (CP-13, pTau-PADRE and others) and Gallyas-positive NFT | Deficits in open-field, NOR, BM Presence of dystrophic neurites, activated astrocytes and microglia around plaques. Neuronal loss | [91] |
SHR72 and SHR318 | Human tau truncated (151-391, 4R) Mouse Thy1 promoter | SHR (inbred) | N/A | Increased ptau (AT8) Tangles in brainstem | Deficits in MWM and BWT Impaired reflex responses no neuronal loss in brain, axonal damage in the brain stem and spinal cord, decreased lifespan | |
SHR24 | Human tau truncated (151-391, 3R) Mouse Thy1 promoter | SHR (inbred) | N/A | Increased ptau (DC11 and others) Tangles in cortex | No neuronal loss in cortex and hippocampus, decreased lifespan | [97] |