Figure 2
From: Promising cannabinoid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease: motor symptoms to neuroprotection
Probable mechanisms to describe the neuroprotective (independent of the CB1 receptor) action of cannabinoids in PD. Abbreviations: CB1, cannabinoid receptor 1; CB2, cannabinoid receptor 2; BDNF, Brain derived neurotrophic factor; ECBs, Endocannabinoids; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase; NrF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; NFκB, nuclear factor kappa-B; p38, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta.