Fig. 2

Establishment of non-human primate models of neurodegenerative diseases. In non-human primates, female monkeys are superovulated for collection of eggs, which are subject to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for in vitro fertilization. The fertilized eggs are injected with either lentiviral vectors into perivitelline space to express exogenous transgenes or gRNAs/Cas9 into cytoplasm to target the endogenous genes. The injected eggs then developed to 4- or 8-cell embryos in vitro before being transferred to the surrogate monkeys. After full-term gestational development, the newborn monkeys are examined to verify the presence of transgenes of mutations in the targeted DNAs, which are known to cause neurodegenerative diseases in humans