Fig. 11

Interactions of TDP-43 with PSF and reduced NMCH II-B in ALS patient brains. a Representative images of cytoplasmic mislocalization of PSF and TDP-43 in the ALS patient brain. Double immunofluorescent staining of the brain cortex from ALS patient and non-ALS individual with antibodies to TDP-43 and PSF. Note that ALS patient brain contains cytoplasmic TDP-43 and PSF. Scale bar: 10 μm. b Immunoprecipitation of TDP-43 in the cortex tissue of ALS patient showing the presence of TDP-43, PSF, and NeuN in the cytoplasmic fraction. CTL is the sample from a normal individual. Rabbit IgG served as a control immunoprecipitation. Whole: cortex total lysates; Cyto: cytoplasm of cortex lysates; Nucl: nuclear of cortex lysates; c The ratios (mean ± SE, n = 3) of immunoprecipitate (IP) to input and cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins to total lysates on western blots are presented. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 compared with CTL. d RT-PCR gel result (the upper panel) and quantification of the relative levels (the lower panel) of +N30 and -N30 isoforms in the brain cortex samples from 3 normal individuals (control), 3 Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and 5 ALS patients. e NMHC II-B western blot analysis of the brain cortex from normal individuals, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and 5 ALS patients showing decreased expression of NMCH II-B in ALS patient brains