Fig. 4
From: Oligomeric and phosphorylated alpha-synuclein as potential CSF biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease
Validation of oligomeric-ELISA specific for α-syn oligomers. a Electron microscopy image of negatively stained sample of α-syn solution containing soluble oligomers and protofibrils which was used as the ELISA standard. b Standard curves displaying the specificities and sensitivities for α-syn oligomers (♦), and α-syn monomers (■). c Histograms representing the optimization of the capture antibody (Syn-O2) concentration. d Assessment of inter-assay variability. Measurements were taken in duplicate, and the results show the mean ± standard deviation for each point, and the intra-assay and inter-assay analysis revealed a CV of < 10 %. e Detection of o-α-syn in human CSF, Tg, WT and KO brain lysates. O-α-syn levels were significantly greater in Tg mice compared with WT, whereas no signal was detected in KO mice. The assay also quantified successfully the levels of o-α-syn in human CSF. f Assessment of o-α-syn recovery rate in human CSF. Recovery rates were calculated from measured o-α-syn concentrations relative to spiked amounts and the average recovery rates were > 95 %