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Fig. 1 | Molecular Neurodegeneration

Fig. 1

From: In vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects of cJun N-terminal kinase inhibitors on retinal ganglion cells

Fig. 1

JNK inhibitors protected against RGC death induced by glutamate (Glu) excitotoxicity and trophic factor withdrawal (TFW), but not by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Cultured adult rat retinal cells were treated with the indicated concentration of JNK inhibitors SP600125 (a, c, e) or TAT-JNKi-III (b, d, f) in the presence of the cytotoxic insults: 100 μM of Glu (a, b), TFW (c, d), or 10 ng/mL TNFα (e, f) for 3 days. Surviving cells were fixed and labeled with anti-Thy-1 antibody and manually counted. Vehicle-treated (no insult) control group in each study defines 100 %. Symbols represent mean ± SEM (n = 6–10). Asterisk indicates statistical difference (p < 0.05) between the JNK inhibitor-treated groups versus the respective insult-only group by One-way ANOVA then Dunnett’s test

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