Fig. 5

Confocal microscopy analysis of the subcellular localization of TDP-43 after CK-1δ inhibitors treatment of lymphoblast from control and FTLD-TDP patients. Lymphoblasts were seeded at 10⁶ cells × ml⁻¹ and incubated in presence or absence of IGS-2.7 and IGS-3.27 (5 μM) for 24 h. TDP-43 protein localization was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cells were stained with anti- TDP-43 antibody followed by secondary antibody labeled with Alexa Fluor 488. DAPI was included in the mounting media to stain the nucleus. Merged images show that the treatment with both drugs prevent the higher cytosolic localization of TPD-43 protein in FTLD-TDP patients. Quantitative analyses of TDP-43 redistribution are shown in the right panel. Relative fluorescence intensity of TDP-43 inside and outside nuclei was determined in 18 cells from four different fields in each condition. Magnification (63x). Values shown are the mean ± SEM. (**p < 0.01 significantly different from control cells. ††p < 0.01 significantly different from FTLD untreated cells)