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Fig. 3 | Molecular Neurodegeneration

Fig. 3

From: Activation of Wnt signaling promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Fig. 3

Neuronal damage and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of EAE mice. a Immunoblot analysis of neuronal proteins in the hippocampus of Axin2lacZ/+ EAE and control (CFA) animals. Hippocampal proteins were extracted and processed for Western blotting with antibodies against neurofilament-H (NF-H) and postsynaptic protein 95 (PSD-95). β-actin was probed for analysis of protein loading. Right histogram represents mean + SEM of fold-changes of normalized optical densities in EAE mice relative to controls (CFA) set as 1. Day 20 (n = 6); day 30 (n = 4); day 50 (n = 6) and control CFA mice (n = 6). Two-tailed, unpaired Student’s t-test, *p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 b Representative image of Iba1, GFAP and MHC class I co-immunostaining in a hippocampal section of an EAE mouse and a healthy control at day 20. The insets on the right show magnified Iba1+ macrophage/microglia cells (red) co-labelled with MHC class I (blue). Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst (grey). Scale bar: 50 μm and 10 μm. c-d Quantification of Iba1+ (c) and GFAP+ (d) cells in the DG of EAE (n = 4) and control (n = 4) mice. Data represents mean + SEM. Two-tailed, unpaired Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05. e Representative image of Iba1, CD68 co-immunostaining in the DG of EAE mouse at day 20. The insets on the right show magnified microglia cells (green) co-labelled with the activation marker CD68 (red). Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst (grey). Scale bar: 50 μm and 10 μm. f qPCR analysis of gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus at early (day 20) and chronic (day 50) stages of EAE. Histogram represents mean + SEM of fold-changes relative to control (CFA) group set as 1. Expression was normalized to Gapdh. Day 20 (EAE, n = 3–6; control, n = 3–8); day 50 (EAE, n = 9–10; control, n = 6–7). Two-tailed, unpaired Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001

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