Fig. 11

Reduced levels of high affinity anti-phosphorylated (P) α-synuclein NAbs in plasma from MSA and PD patients. Binding of anti-P-α-synuclein NAbs in plasma to immobilized a, b α-synuclein monomer (10 ng/mL) or c, d P-α-synuclein (10 ng/mL) in competitive MSD assay in the presence of a, c 1 nM or b, d 0.1 nM free P-α-synuclein. Non-specific binding is defined as the binding to the plate in the presence of 100 nM free P-α-synuclein monomer. Maximal binding is defined as the binding observed in the absence of added free α-synuclein monomer. Horizontal bars represent the mean values +/− SEM. Plasma samples from Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) patients and normal controls (NC) were tested at 1:400. Significance was tested using Man–Whitney’s U test (P < 0.05)