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Table 2 Risk of accelerated cognitive decline in dietary and serum cholesterol levels in 2514 participants in the EMCOA

From: Longitudinal and nonlinear relations of dietary and Serum cholesterol in midlife with cognitive decline: results from EMCOA study

Variables

Model 1

Model 2

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Dietary cholesterol, mg/d

1.0002 (0.9995–1.0009)

0.59

1.0002 (0.9995–1.0009)

0.564

Q1(< 188)

Ref

 

Ref

 

Q2 (188–283)

0.93 (0.71–1.20)

0.558

0.93 (0.71–1.20)

0.569

Q3 (283–385)

1.08 (0.83–1.40)

0.571

1.10 (0.84–1.43)

0.488

Q4 (> 385)

1.18 (0.89–1.58)

0.256

1.19 (0.89–1.60)

0.231

Egg intake, g/d

1.002 (0.999–1.006)

0.128

1.003 (0.999–1.006)

0.111

Q1(< 21)

Ref

 

Ref

 

Q2 (21–45)

0.78 (0.61–1.01)

0.058

0.79 (0.61–1.02)

0.068

Q3 (45–60)

1.21 (0.95–1.55)

0.125

1.22 (0.96–1.56)

0.108

Q4 (> 60)

1.04 (0.81–1.33)

0.786

1.05 (0.82–1.35)

0.703

Serum cholesterol, mmol/L

    

TC, mmol/L

1.15 (1.06–1.26)

0.002*

1.15 (1.05–1.26)

0.002*

TC â‰¤ 5.20 mmol/L

Ref

 

Ref

 

TC > 5.20 mmol/L

1.26 (1.04–1.53)

0.020*

1.26 (1.03–1.53)

0.022*

TG, mol/L

0.96 (0.89–1.05)

0.382

0.96 (0.89–1.05)

0.377

TG ≤ 1.70 mmol/L

Ref

 

Ref

 

TG > 1.70 mmol/L

1.02 (0.86–1.22)

0.798

1.02 (0.85–1.22)

0.818

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.31 (0.97–1.79)

0.083

1.31 (0.96–1.78)

0.088

1.70 â‰¥ HDL-C â‰¥ 1.04 mmol/L

Ref

 

Ref

 

HDL-C < 1.04 mmol/L

0.83 (0.66–1.05)

0.114

0.83 (0.66–1.05)

0.127

HDL-C > 1.70 mmol/L

1.37 (1.00–1.87)

0.048*

1.39 (1.02–1.90)

0.040*

LDL-C, mmol/L

1.26 (1.14–1.40)

< 0.001*

1.26 (1.14–1.40)

< 0.001*

LDL-C â‰¤ 3.12 mmol/L

Ref

 

Ref

 

LDL-C > 3.12 mmol/L

1.60 (1.34–1.92)

< 0.001*

1.60 (1.34–1.92)

< 0.001*

Non-HDL-C, mmol/L

1.15 (1.05–1.27)

0.004*

1.15 (1.05–1.27)

0.004*

Non-HDL-C < 3.4 mmol/L

Ref

 

Ref

 

Non-HDL-C â‰¥ 3.4 mmol/L

1.54 (1.29–1.84)

< 0.001*

1.54 (1.29–1.84)

< 0.001*

LDL-C/HDL-C

1.20 (1.07–1.34)

0.002*

1.20 (1.07–1.34)

0.002*

1.31 < LDL-C/HDL-C < 3.19

Ref

 

Ref

 

LDL-C/HDL-C â‰¤ 1.31

1.10 (0.82–1.49)

0.521

1.11 (0.82–1.50)

0.506

LDL-C/HDL-C â‰¥ 3.19

1.54 (1.15–2.06)

0.003*

1.55 (1.16–2.07)

0.003*

  1. Abbreviations: TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides, Non-HDL-C non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HR hazards ratio
  2. Values were obtained from Cox proportional hazards regression models
  3. Model 1 was adjusted for sex, age, education years, BMI, smoking and drinking status, diabetes, hypertension and coronary artery disease history and per se use of lipid-lowering medication and intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, SFA, PUFA, and MUFA
  4. Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 and for number of APOE ε4 alleles
  5. ∗P < 0.05
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Molecular Neurodegeneration

ISSN: 1750-1326