Longitudinal and nonlinear relations of dietary and Serum cholesterol in midlife with cognitive decline: results from EMCOA study

Table 6 Results of mixed-effects regression models predicting cognitive test performance from serum cholesterol

Cognitive tests	TC²	TC	TG²	TG	HDL-C²	HDL-C	LDL-C²	LDL-C	Non-HDL-C²	Non-HDL-C	LDL-C/HDL-C²	LDL-C/HDL-C
Cognitive tests	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β
Model 1
MoCA	0.024	−0.210	− 0.002	− 0.020	0.208	− 0.234	0.020	− 0.179	0.007	− 0.067	0.021	− 0.269
AVLT-IR	0.016	−0.157	0.000	−0.012	0.353	−0.677	0.094	−0.748	0.018	−0.159	0.050	−0.547*
AVLT-SR	0.014	−0.163	0.005	−0.034	0.270	−0.619	0.038	−0.337	0.018	−0.169	0.054*	−0.415*
AVLT-LR	0.021	−0.213	0.002	0.007	0.514*	−1.362	0.038	−0.337	0.025	−0.200	0.06*	−0.401*
SDMT	− 0.096	0.655	0.008	−0.130	−3.046*	8.662*	−0.248	1.181	−0.161	0.797	−0.147	0.311
DSF	−0.009	0.091	−0.002	0.010	− 0.342*	1.008*	−0.015	0.096	−0.023	0.167	−0.019	0.084
LMT	0.071	−0.848	−0.011	0.171	0.661	−2.015	0.133	−1.099*	0.053	−0.544	0.023	−0.457
Model 2
MoCA	0.024	−0.216	−0.003	− 0.018	0.209	− 0.240	0.020	− 0.183	0.008	− 0.070	0.021	− 0.269
AVLT-IR	0.018	−0.178	0.000	−0.009	0.358	−0.699	0.097	− 0.767	0.020	−0.169	0.051	−0.553*
AVLT-SR	0.016	−0.183	0.005	−0.032	0.275	−0.640	0.041	−0.356	0.019	−0.180	0.055*	−0.423*
AVLT-LR	0.022	−0.230	0.002	0.009	0.518*	−1.380	0.048	−0.375	0.026	− 0.209	0.061*	− 0.409*
vSDMT	−0.094	0.620	0.008	−0.130	−3.036*	8.627*	−0.243	1.141	−0.160	0.780	−0.143	0.282
DSF	−0.009	0.092	−0.002	0.011	−0.343*	1.008*	−0.015	0.098	−0.023	0.167	− 0.020	0.088
LMT	0.073	−0.868	−0.011	0.170	0.667	−2.036	0.136	−1.123*	0.054	−0.554	0.026	−0.474

Abbreviations: MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, AVLT-IR auditory verbal learning test-immediate recall, AVLT-SR auditory verbal learning test-short recall, AVLT-LR auditory verbal learning test-long recall, SDMT symbol digit modalities test, DSF digit span forwards, LMT logical memory test, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides, Non-HDL-C non- high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
β: unstandardized regression coefficients were obtained from mixed-effects regression models
Model 1 was adjusted for sex, age, education years, BMI, smoking and drinking status, diabetes, hypertension and coronary artery disease history and per se use of lipid-lowering medication and intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, SFA, PUFA, and MUFA
Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 and for number of APOE ε4 alleles
∗P < 0.05

ISSN: 1750-1326