Fig. 5

Rescue of PARIS induced dopaminergic mitochondrial biogenesis defects by PINK1 or parkin (a) Representative confocal maximum projections of mitochondria in DA neurons visualized by mito-GFP fluorescence (green), co-stained with anti-TH (red) in 20-day old flies in the genotypes indicated. Scale = 25 μM. b Quantification of mitochondria abundance within individual DA neurons using intensity ratio of mito-GFP to TH immunofluorescence shown. Th > mito-GFP flies served as control. N = 10 flies per indicated genotype. c Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) relative to nuclear DNA (nuDNA) assessing mitochondrial DNA copy number in FACS sorted DA neurons in 20-day old flies in the genotypes indicated. Th > GFP flies served as control. Mean of three independent FACS experiments each employing 50 fly brains for the indicated genotypes depicted. d Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of transcript levels of Drosophila homologs of PGC-1α (Spargel), NRF1 (ewg), NRF-2 (Delg) and mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) in FACS sorted DA neurons from 20-day old flies. Th > GFP flies served as control. Mean of three independent FACS experiments each using 50 fly brains per genotype shown. Quantitative data = mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. See also Additional file 14, Figure S4