Fig. 6

Behavioral alterations. a–d Spatial learning and memory of genetically modified mice (+) and WT controls (−) from each line were assessed at 6.0–7.5 (I5 and J20) or 8–11 (KI) months of age in the active place avoidance (APA) test. The number of mice analyzed per group is indicated in the bar graphs. a, b Learning behavior was reflected in decreasing entries into the aversive zone (a) and increasing maximal avoidance time of that zone (b). c, d These measures were quantified by calculating rank-summary scores as described in Methods. Impaired performance is reflected in higher scores in (c) and lower scores in (d). e Genetically modified mice (+) and WT controls (−) from each line were assessed in the elevated plus maze (EPM) at 4–5 (I5 and J20) or 6–9 (KI) months of age. The percentage of time they spent in the open arms of the maze is shown. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 vs. WT from same line or as indicated by brackets, based on one-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak correction (c, d) or multiple Welch t-tests with Holm-Sidak correction (e). Some error bars in (a, b) are not visible because they are very small. Values are means ± SEM