Table 1 Summary of PET studies
From: Neuroimaging advances regarding subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
Authors | Definition of SCD | Modality | Design | Sample (mean age ± SD) | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amariglio et al. (2012) [29] | E-Cog; MFQ; Composite of 7 questions | PiB-PET | Cross-sectional | SCC: n=131(73.5±6.0) amyloid-: n=97(72.7±5.9) amyloid+: n=34(75.5±6.9) | SCC score relate to cortical PiB binding |
Amariglio et al. (2018) [39] | Composite of 7 questions | PiB-PET | Cross-sectional | All: n=279(73.4±6.1) amyloid-: n=209(72.9±6.0) amyloid+: n=70(70.0±5.7) | Amyloid positivity individuals have pronounced progression of SCD |
Buckley et al. (2016) [41] | MAC-Q scale | PiB-PET 18F-florbetapir PET 18F-flutematamol-PET MRI | Cross-sectional | NC: n=288 amyloid-: n=230(69±5.9) amyloid+: n=58(72±7.2) | High SMD related to greater rates of clinical progression, greater depressive symptom and smaller left hippocampal volume |
Cacciamani et al. (2017) [31] | Composite of 15 questions IQCD ASC AD-NOS | 18F-florbetapir PET MRI FDG-PET | Cross-sectional | High awareness: n=86(76.08±0.36) Low awareness: n=19(76.11±0.82) | No relationship between SCD score and neuroimaging markers; higher amyloid burden and lower cortical metabolism in “high awareness” group |
Chen et al. (2019) [27] | Metamemory in Adulthood questionnaire | 18F-florbetapir PET MRI | Cross-sectional | Total: n=85(66.97±15.11) Negative: n=53(61.25±14.86) Positive: n=32(76.46±9.96) | Poor memory performance mediates the relationship between amyloid and SCD |
Hollands et al. (2015) [37] | MAC-Q Composite of 16 questions | PiB-PET | Cross-sectional | Low Aß: n=224(68.37±5.88) High Aß: n=65(73.46±7.33) | High Aß group show moderate decline in learning and working memory over 18 months. |
McCluskey.et al. (2018) [32] | MAC-Q 1 binary question | 18F-florbetaben PET | Cross-sectional | All: n=112(69.2, 2.5) | Self-reported confusion predicted higher global amyloid burden and regional amyloid in the prefrontal, posterior cingulate, precuneus and the lateral temporal. |
Moreno–Grau et al. (2018) [42] | Cognitive complaints | 18F-florbetaben PET 18F-florbetapir PET | Cross-sectional | ADNI_NC: n=182(73.4±6.3) ADNI_SMC: n=103(72.2±5.6) ADNI_EMCI: n=303(71.3±7.4) ADNI_LMCI: n=157(72.2±7.5) ADNI_AD: n=144(74.4±8.1) FACEHBI_SCD: n=200(65.8±7.1) ADNI_NC: n=182(73.4±6.3) | Higher ApoE ɛ4 carrier in SCD and ApoE ɛ4 dosage explained 9% and 11% cerebral amyloid variation. |
Perrotin et al. (2017) [23] | Composite of 26 questions | 18F-florbetapir PET MRI | Cross-sectional | Controls: n=35(65.6±8.6) SCDcommunity: n=35(70.8±7.5) SCDclinic: n=28(67.6±7.7) | Both groups with high self-reported difficulties has higher amyloid deposition |
Perrotin et al. (2012) [25] | 2 questions | PiB-PET MRI | Cross-sectional | High PiB uptake: n=11(75.73±6.05) Low PiB uptake: n=28(71.89±5.45) | Correlation between memory self-reports and regional PiB uptake in right medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate, right precuneus and posterior cingulate. |
Risacher et al. (2015) [43] | CCI E-Cog | 18F-florbetapir PET FDG-PET MRI | Cross-sectional | NC ApoE ɛ4-: n=132(73.7±6.1) NC ApoE ɛ4+: n=53(71.8±6.4) SMC ApoE ɛ4-: n=71(72.5±5.7) SMC ApoE ɛ4+: n=33(70.3±5.2) EMCI ApoE ɛ4-: n=174(71.6±7.3) EMCI ApoE ɛ4+: n=131(70.0±7.5) | SMC ApoE ɛ4+ show greater amyloid deposition than SMC ApoE ɛ4- |
Rodda et al. (2010) [30] | Memory complain | PiB-PET | Cross-sectional | No presented | No difference in amyloid load between SCI and controls |
Rowe et al. (2010) [28] | 1 binary question | PiB-PET MRI | HC: n=177(71.6±7.4) MCI: n=57(75.5±7.5) AD: n=53(72.6±8.9) HC nMC: n=81(72.0±7.5) HC SMC: n=96(71.2±7.4) | SMC related to elevated PiB in ApoE ɛ4 carriers | |
MFQ CFQ SCCS | PiB-PET | Cross-sectional | SCD: n=14(68.1±4.0) NC: n=84(73.6±5.8) | 57% of SCD and 31% of NC were PiB-positive. SCD had higher PiB retention in frontal cortex, lateral temporal cortex, and parietal cortex. | |
MFQ CFQ SCCS | PiB-PET | Cross-sectional | Total: n=92(81.2±8.4) | MFQ score relate to global PiB retention | |
Timmers et al. (2019) [38] | Memory clinic consultation Intact cognition | 18F-florbetapir PET | Cross-sectional | Total: n=107(64±8) | Higher 18F-florbetapir BPND relates to steeper rate of decline on memory, attention/executive and language |
Verfaillie et al. (2019) [33] | CCI SCF Composite of 4 questions | 18F-florbetapir PET | Cross-sectional | Total: n=106(63.83±7.65) | Higher cortical amyloid deposition relates to SCD-related worries and higher memory deficit awareness but not to SCD questionnaires |
Zwan et al. (2016) [44] | MAC-Q IQCODE-S | PiB-PET 18F-flutematamol PET | Cross-sectional | Low amyloid burden: n=229(71.9±6.5) High amyloid burden: n=78(75.0±7.2) | SMC with younger age and ApoE ɛ4 carriers had higher amyloid burden. |
Swinford et al. (2018) [50] | E-Cog | 18F-flortaucipir PET | Cross-sectional | CN: n=40(76.48±7.211) SMC: n=11(71.55±5.11) EMCI: n=31(75.32±7.29) | Memory concern and the self-perception relate to tau aggregation. |
Cavedo et al. (2018) [60] | Memory complaints | 18F-flortaucipir -PET FDG-PET MRI | Cross-sectional | Women: n=201(76.02±3.24) Men: n=117(76.05±3.85) | Men had higher amyloid load glucose hypometabolism and lower RSFC. |
Gardener et al. (2016) [58] | 1 binary question | FDG-PET | Cross-sectional | All: n=43(66±10.1) Non-SMC: n=23(66±8.9) SMC: n=20 (68±11.4) | Positive association between memory immediate recall and FDG-PET SUVR in the right amygdala in SMC individuals. |
Matias-Guiu et al. (2017) [61] | Memory complaint | FDG-PET | Cross-sectional | HC: n=20(65.0±10.6) SMC: n=9(72.4±10.6) | FCSRT positively correlate with metabolism in the medial and anterior temporal region bilaterally, the left precuneus, and posterior cingulate; BNT results correlate with metabolism in the middle temporal, superior, fusiform, and frontal medial gyri bilaterally; VOSP results relate to the occipital and parietotemporal regions bilaterally; ToL scores correlate to metabolism in the right temporoparietal and frontal regions |
Mosconi et al. (2008) [55] | Structured interview | FDG-PET | Cross-sectional | SMC- ApoE ɛ4-: n=7(63±5) SMC+ ApoE ɛ4-: n=8(60±9) SMC- ApoE ɛ4+: n=7(54±9) SMC+ ApoE ɛ4+: n=6(59±7) | ApoE ɛ4+ carriers had decreased CMRglc and higher CSF IP, P-Tau, T-Tau, and P-Tau/Amyloid42 levels. SMC had reduced CMRglc. ApoE genotype and SMC interacted on lowest PHG CMRglc and the highest CSF IP, P-Tau, and P-Tau/Amyloid42 levels. |
Scheef et al. (2012) [59] | Memory clinic consultation 1 binary question | FDG-PET MRI | Cross-sectional | NC: n=56(66.4±7.2) SMI: n=31(67.6±6.2) | SMI had hypometabolism in the right precuneus and hypermetabolism in the right medial temporal lobe and gray matter atrophy in the right hippocampus. Association between longitudinal memory decline and reduced glucose metabolism in the right precuneus at baseline. |
Song et al. (2016) [56] | Memory complaint | FDG-PET MRI | Cross-sectional | HC: n=42(68.02±5.44) SMI: n=31(69.94±6.44) MCI: n=47(69.55±6.65) | SMI had hypometabolism in the periventricular regions. SMI had hypometabolism in the parietal, precentral frontal, and periventricular regions. |
Vannini et al. (2017) [57] | MFQ | PiB-PET FDG-PET | Cross-sectional | All: n=251(73.3±6.2) amyloid-: n=190(72.8±6.1) amyloid+: n=61(74.9±6.2) | Correlation between SMCs and FDG metabolism. SMCs interacted with amyloid burden on FDG metabolism in the bilateral medial temporal lobes. |