Table 4 Logistic regression models to evaluate the risk factors for longitudinal cognitive decline as indicated by IQCODE score ≥ 3.5 in COVID-19 patients

Age, year

1.023(1.009–1.037)

0.001

Sex, male

0.934(0.756–1.157)

0.530

Education, year

0.959(0.936–0.982)

0.001

0.968(0.944–0.993)

0.011

BMI, kg/m²

1.007(0.947–1.072)

0.821

Severe, vs. non-severe

3.616(2.719–4.810)

< 0.001

2.833(2.065–3.888)

< 0.001

ICU admission, vs. no

5.100(3.122–8.331)

< 0.001

High flow oxygen therapy, vs. no

0.828(0.635–1.079)

0.163

0.421(0.302–0.586)

< 0.001

Delirium, vs. no

5.578(3.597–8.650)

< 0.001

5.480(3.292–9.122)

< 0.001

Coexisting disorders, vs. no

 Hypertension

1.825(1.470–2.266)

< 0.001

1.661(1.320–2.091)

< 0.001

 Diabetes

1.344(1.037–1.743)

0.026

 Hyperlipidaemia history

1.180(0.835–1.666)

0.348

 Stroke history

1.590(1.027–2.463)

0.038

 Coronary heart diseases

1.800(1.341–2.415)

< 0.001

 COPD

2.368(1.686–3.326)

< 0.001

2.005(1.398–2.877)

< 0.001