Fig. 2

Adult-onset sulfatide deficiency caused cognitive impairment. The following behavior paradigms were run on CST cKO mice 10 mo post-injection. (A) Frailty Index. (B) Grip strength test. (C-G) Acquisition phase of the Morris Water Maze (MWM) test using a hidden platform, Two-way ANOVA p-value for the genotype effect in MWM test is shown between the data lines. (C) Swim time (latency). (D) Swim velocity. (E) Floating time (movement< 20 mm/s). (F) Thigmotaxis. (G) Swim distance that was normalized to the baseline of the first day of MWM test. (H-I) Probe trial of the MWM test on day 6, when platform was removed. (H) The times to cross the former platform location. (I) The percentage of time spent at the target quadrant. (J) Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test: Preference Ratio (time spent on novel object/time spent old object). (A, H-J) Two-tailed unpaired t-Test. n = 20–22. (B-G) Two-way ANOVA. n = 20–22. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Data represent the mean ± S.E.M