Fig. 3

IAPP-tau PFFs induce tau phosphorylation and neuronal apoptosis in vitro. a-d Representative immunostaining and quantification of AT8 (a, b) and AT100 p-tau (c, d) in primary neurons transduced with tau PFFs or IAPP-tau PFFs. Scale bar, 20 μm. e Representative images of TUNEL staining of primary cortical neurons transduced with tau PFFs or IAPP-tau PFFs. f, g Quantification of TUNEL staining (f) and Hoechst/PI staining (g). Scale bars, 30 μm. h, i Representative images and quantification of Dil staining of dendritic spines in neurons. Experiments were independently performed three times. Fifty visual fields (Fig. 3b, d), 150 cells (Fig. 3f, g), and 50 dendrites (Fig. 3i) from 10 slices were counted in each group. Scale bar, 20 μm. Bars represent means ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (n = 10 slices). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001