Fig. 5

IAPP-Tau PFFs promote tau phosphorylation and neuroinflammation in vivo. a Representative immunoblots of p-tau (AT8 and AT100), total-tau (tau5), IBA-1, and GFAP in the ipsilateral hippocampus of mice injected with PBS, tau PFFs or IAPP-tau PFFs. b Statistical analysis shows significantly increased expression of AT8, AT100, IBA1, and GFAP in mice injected with IAPP-Tau PFFs, compared to mice injected with PBS and tau PFFs. c, d Ipsilateral hippocampal samples were sequentially extracted with 1% Triton X-100 (TX-soluble) and 2% SDS (TX-insoluble) from mice injected with either PBS, tau PFFs, or IAPP-tau PFFs. Quantification is presented in (d). e-h Immunostaining and quantification of microglia marker IBA1 (e, f) and astrocyte marker GFAP (g, h) in mice 3 months after injection with tau PFFs or IAPP-tau PFFs. Scale bar, 50 μm for lower panel, 20 μm for magnification. n = 4 mice per group. Data are presented as means ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001