From: The gut microbiome in Alzheimer’s disease: what we know and what remains to be explored
Study | Bacteria altered | Sample size | Location | Age-matched (y/n) | Sex-matched (y/n) | Reference number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cattaneo et al. (2017) | Amyloid positive individuals had lower Eubacterium rectale and higher Escherichia/Shigella compared with both healthy controls and amyloid negative groups. | N = 83 total, 40 amyloid positive with cognitive impairment, 33 amyloid negative with cognitive impairment, 10 amyloid negative without cognitive impairment | Eastern Lombardy, Italy | y | y | [10] |
Vogt et al. (2017) | AD patients had a decrease in Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium and increased levels of Bacteroidetes compared with healthy controls. | N = 50 total, 25 AD, 25 healthy controls | Wisconsin, USA | y | y | [11] |
Zhuang et al. (2018) | AD patients had a decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in Actinobacteria in AD patients compared with healthy controls. | N = 86, 43 AD, 43 healthy controls | Chongqing, China | y | y | [15] |
Liu et al. (2019) | AD patients had a reduction in Firmicutes and an increase in Proteobacteria compared with healthy controls. | N = 97 total, 33 AD, 32 MCI, 32 healthy controls | Hangzhou, China | y | y | [16] |