Fig. 6
From: Reactive astrocytes undergo M1 microglia/macrohpages-induced necroptosis in spinal cord injury
M1 microglia/macrophages induce necroptosis of spinal cord astrocytes in vitro. a Western-blotting and quantification of iNOS, MLKL and HMGB1 after SCI. Notice the increase of iNOS is followed by the increase of MLKL and HMGB1. *P <0.05, **P <0.01. n = 3. b Western-blotting and quantification of RIP3, MLKL and HMGB1 in astrocytes treated with conditioned medium (CM) from M0 microglia (M0 CM), M1 microglia (M1 CM), and M2 microglia (M2 CM). Notice that M1 CM has the strongest effects in stimulating the expression of RIP3, MLKL and HMGB1. *P <0.05, **P <0.01. n = 3. c, d Intracellular ATP levels and PI-staining in astrocytes treated by M0 CM, M1 CM, and M2 CM. Dramatic decrease of ATP levels and increase of PI-staining were observed in M1 CM treated astrocytes. *P <0.05, **P <0.01. n = 3. n = 3. Bar = 50 μm