Fig. 5

Aβ-induced ROS disrupts mitochondrial axonal transport by elevating Ca²⁺ level. a Mitochondrial absolute velocity in axons of primary hippocampal neurons showing TBA recover impaired mitochondrial axonal transport by Aβ. Mito-dsRed2 transfected primary hippocampal neurons were treated with Aβ (2 μM, 24 h) followed by incubated with TBA (0.5 μM, 3 h). Data were obtained from 3 independent experiments (n = 30 cells per group). The results were shown as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 (two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test) (b) Disrupted mitochondrial axonal transport by Aβ is recovered by ROS inhibitor or Ca²⁺ chelator. Mito-dsRed2 transfected primary hippocampal neurons were pretreated with trolox (200 μM) or BAPTA (2 μM) for 1 h before incubation with 2 μM Aβ (24 h). Left panel shows kymograph and right panel shows quantitative graph of mitochondrial absolute velocity. Data were acquired from 4 independent experiments (n = 40 cells per group). The results were shown as mean ± SEM. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test) c Acetylation of Prx1 regulate mitochondrial axonal transport in the presence of Aβ. Prx1-WT or K197Q or K197R and mito-dsRed2 co-transfected primary hippocampal neurons were treated with Aβ (2 μM, 24 h) followed by incubated with TBA (0.5 μM, 3 h). Left panel shows kymograph and right panel shows quantitative graph of mitochondrial absolute velocity. Data were obtained from 5 independent experiments (n = 40 cells per group). The results were shown as mean ± SEM. ***P < 0.001, n.s.: non-significant (one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test), scale bar: 10 μm