Fig. 1
From: AMPA-ergic regulation of amyloid-β levels in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
AMPA treatment decreases levels of ISF Aβ levels. a Varying doses of AMPA or vehicle (artificial CSF) were administered to 2–4 month-old APP/PS1 mice via reverse microdialysis (rev md), and changes in interstitial fluid (ISF) Aβ40 were measured using ELISA. AMPA has a dose-dependent effect on ISF Aβ levels. Though treatment with 0.5 μM and 2 μM AMPA did not alter ISF Aβ levels significantly (n = 3, n = 5 respectively), treatment with 5 μM AMPA decreased levels 31.7 ± 9.5% (p = 0.015, n = 4, one-way ANOVA, Dunnet’s post hoc test), and 10 μM AMPA decreased levels by 73.8 ± 12.2% (p < 0.0001, n = 2, one-way ANOVA, Dunnet’s post hoc test). b APP/PS1 mice (n = 4) were treated with 5 μM AMPA for 24 h and ISF Aβ42 levels decreased by 37.0 ± 9.4% (p < 0.0043, two-tailed t-test). c Wild-type, littermate C3H/B6 mice were dosed with 5 μM AMPA using rev md and levels of murine ISF Aβ40 levels decreased by 49.4 ± 8.4% (p < 0.0001, n = 6, two-tailed t-test). d APP/PS1 mice were treated with 300 μM cyclothiazide (CTZ) for 4 h (n = 6), after which increasing doses of AMPA (0.5, 2, and 5 μM) were added to the perfusion buffer. CTZ administered alone did not change ISF Aβ levels. Aβ levels decreased 31.9 ± 11.1% (p = 0.030, one-way ANOVA, Dunnet’s post hoc test) by 0.5 μM AMPA, 63.6 ± 11.1% (p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA, Dunnet’s post hoc test) by 2 μM, and maximally decreased 83.2 ± 11.1% (p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA, Dunnet’s post hoc test) when treated with 5 μM AMPA. Data plotted as mean ± SEM