Fig. 1

Graphical summary of the workflow used to identify novel CSF biomarkers for DLB. a Graphical summary of study workflow. In short, CSF samples from cohort 1 were evaluated using a high-throughput proteomic workflow. The CSF proteome from DLB patients was compared with that of cognitively normal individuals. Validation was performed in an independent validation cohort (cohort 2) using an identical proteomic workflow. Proteins that were significantly altered in abundance in both cohort 1 and cohort 2 were indicated as candidate biomarkers. Levels of the identified candidate biomarkers in DLB patients were compared with the levels of the identified candidate biomarkers as quantified with mass spectrometry in related neurodegenerative diseases (cohort 3A). For a subset of the candidate biomarkers validation was performed using orthogonal methods (ELISA and SRM) in cohort 3B. b Graphical summary of the proteomic workflow. We applied an in-depth proteomic workflow, including abundant protein depletion, protein fractionation prior to nanoLC-MS/MS analysis and label-free protein quantification on CSF samples from DLB patients and controls in cohort 1 and 2