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Table 6 Association between regional p-tau and standardized scales: summary of ridge regression results

From: Cognitive, functional, and neuropsychiatric correlates of regional tau pathology in autopsy-confirmed chronic traumatic encephalopathy

 

CDS Total

CDS-Attention

CDS. Memory

CDS Language

CDS Motor

BRIEF-A MI

FAQ

BRIEF-A BRI

BIS-11

Brown-Goodwin

GDS-15

AES

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Ridge coef

95% CI

Frontal

0.24

0.14, 0.37

0.22

0.13, 0.34

0.23

0.11, 0.35

0.22

0.12, 0.36

0.14

0.07, 0.24

0.19

0.10, 0.29

0.16

0.07, 0.29

0.11

0.05, 0.18

0.07

0.00, 0.15

-0.04

-0.10, 0.03

0.02

-0.03, 0.07

0.04

-0.01, 0.10

Superior temporal

0.00

-0.13, 0.11

0.01

-0.11, 0.11

0.02

-0.10, 0.13

0.02

-0.11, 0.13

-0.02

-0.11, 0.07

-0.01

-0.09, 0.07

0.06

-0.02, 0.17

0.02

-0.04, 0.09

-0.01

-0.09, 0.06

-0.04

-0.10, 0.04

0.00

-0.05, 0.05

0.01

-0.05, 0.05

Inferior parietal

0.13

0.02, 0.24

0.13

0.02, 0.24

0.16

0.06, 0.27

0.11

0.01, 0.21

0.12

0.03, 0.21

0.07

-0.02, 0.15

0.08

-0.03, 0.18

0.01

-0.06, 0.08

-0.02

-0.07, 0.05

-0.05

-0.12, 0.01

0.00

-0.06, 0.05

0.05

-0.01, 0.11

Amygdala

0.08

-0.04, 0.2

0.10

-0.02, 0.21

0.06

-0.08, 0.19

0.12

0.00, 0.23

0.10

0.00, 0.19

0.06

-0.04, 0.15

0.13

0.02, 0.23

-0.01

-0.08, 0.05

0.01

-0.06, 0.09

0.01

-0.07, 0.07

-0.02

-0.06, 0.03

0.05

0.00, 0.10

Entorhinal

-0.10

-0.22, 0.00

-0.09

-0.21, 0.00

-0.13

-0.25,

-0.02

-0.07

-0.19, 0.03

-0.03

-0.13, 0.06

-0.07

-0.17, 0.01

-0.05

-0.16, 0.06

-0.06

-0.13, 0.00

0.00

-0.08, 0.07

0.00

-0.06, 0.07

0.01

-0.05, 0.07

-0.01

-0.07, 0.04

Hippocampus

-0.05

-0.17, 0.06

-0.04

-0.15, 0.07

-0.07

-0.19, 0.05

-0.07

-0.18, 0.05

0.03

-0.07, 0.13

0.00

-0.09, 0.09

-0.03

-0.14, 0.06

0.00

-0.07, 0.07

-0.04

-0.11, 0.02

0.04

-0.03, 0.11

0.02

-0.03, 0.08

0.02

-0.03, 0.08

Locus coeruleus

-0.09

-0.18, 0.00

-0.12

-0.22,

-0.04

-0.10

-0.2,

-0.02

-0.11

-0.2,

-0.01

-0.08

-0.18, 0.00

-0.05

-0.13, 0.03

-0.07

-0.17, 0.01

0.00

-0.08, 0.08

0.00

-0.07, 0.08

0.01

-0.07, 0.10

0.00

-0.06, 0.07

0.01

-0.05, 0.07

  1. Abbreviations: CDS Cognitive Difficulties Scale, BRIEF-A Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function for Adults, MI Metacognition Index, FAQ Functional Activities Questionnaire, BRI Behavioral Regulation Index, BIS-11 Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, 15-item version, AES Apathy Evaluation Scale
  2. To investigate which regions may be driving the associations, independent of the effects from the other regions, multivariable ridge regression models were performed for the regional scales of p-tau severity. Ridge regression is used when there are many independent variables that are highly correlated. A separate ridge regression for each regional scale of p-tau severity was performed for each clinical scale. Estimates are standardized betas. Models were adjusted for age at death, racial identity, education level, history of hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea, and history of substance use treatment. Frontal is a summary composite of the dorsolateral frontal cortex and the inferior frontal cortex. CA1, CA2, and CA4 were summed to create the hippocampus composite. For all clinical scales, higher scores are worse. As shown, the frontal cortex showed independent effects in the prediction of scales. However, the inferior parietal cortex (CDS) and amygdala (FAQ, AES) showed smaller independent effects
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Molecular Neurodegeneration

ISSN: 1750-1326