Fig. 1

Measures of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in the DLPFC of MAP participants in relation to their clinical diagnoses. Following standard immunohistochemical assays with antibodies against (a) amyloid β (clones 10D5 or 4G8) and (b) phosphotau (clone AT8), the acquired images were thresholded and the percent area immunostained was estimated for each participant and plotted by clinical diagnosis criteria into no cognitive impairment (NCI, n = 51), mild-cognitive impairment (NCI, n = 42) or dementia (DEM, n = 57). Whiskers represent 10th and 90th percentiles and boxes enclose interquartile ranges crossed by the median of AD pathology scores within groups. Differences among groups were assessed by Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test. **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001