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  1. Memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifest together with the loss of synapses caused by the disruption of the postsynaptic density (PSD), a network of scaffold proteins located in dendritic spines. H...

    Authors: Andreas M Grabrucker, Michael J Schmeisser, Patrick T Udvardi, Magali Arons, Michael Schoen, Nathaniel S Woodling, Katrin I Andreasson, Patrick R Hof, Joseph D Buxbaum, Craig C Garner and Tobias M Boeckers
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:65
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Trans-activation response element (TAR) DNA binding protein of 43kDa (TDP-43) is causally related to the neurodegenerative diseases frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis being the hallmark ...

    Authors: Fabienne C Fiesel, Christine Schurr, Stephanie S Weber and Philipp J Kahle
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:64
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by insidious cognitive decline and memory dysfunction. Synapse loss is the best pathological correlate of cognitive decline in ...

    Authors: Robert M Koffie, Bradley T Hyman and Tara L Spires-Jones
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:63
    Content type: Review Published on:

  4. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)s that are essentially unequivocally associated with peripheral cholesterol. Since the alleles of the APOE gene, ...

    Authors: Christopher R Simmons, Fanggeng Zou, Steven G Younkin and Steven Estus
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:62
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) contains a Gly-XXX-Gly-XXX-Gly motif in its C-terminal region that has been proposed to form a "glycine zipper" that drives the formation of toxic Aβ oligomers. We have tested this h...

    Authors: Virginia Fonte, Vishantie Dostal, Christine M Roberts, Patrick Gonzales, Pascale Lacor, Jordi Magrane, Natalie Dingwell, Emily Y Fan, Michael A Silverman, Gretchen H Stein and Christopher D Link
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:61
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Molecular Neurodegeneration 2014 9:12

  6. Oxidative stress plays an important role in neuronal dysfunction and neuron loss in Alzheimer's brain. Previous studies have reported downregulation of CREB-mediated transcription by oxidative stress and Aβ. T...

    Authors: Subbiah Pugazhenthi, Maorong Wang, Serena Pham, Chun-I Sze and Christopher B Eckman
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:60
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Huntington Disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which caspase activation and cleavage of substrates, including the huntingtin protein, has been invoked as a pathological mechanism. Specific changes ...

    Authors: Jeffrey B Carroll, Amber L Southwell, Rona K Graham, Jason P Lerch, Dagmar E Ehrnhoefer, Li-Ping Cao, Wei-Ning Zhang, Yu Deng, Nagat Bissada, R Mark Henkelman and Michael R Hayden
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:59
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. There are sex differences in dopaminergic degeneration. Men are approximately two times as likely as premenopausal women of the same age to develop Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been shown that the local re...

    Authors: Ana I Rodriguez-Perez, Rita Valenzuela, Belen Joglar, Pablo Garrido-Gil, Maria J Guerra and Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:58
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. TDP-43 proteinopathies are characterized by loss of nuclear TDP-43 expression and formation of C-terminal TDP-43 fragmentation and accumulation in the cytoplasm. Recent studies have shown that TDP-43 can accum...

    Authors: Jodi Meyerowitz, Sarah J Parker, Laura J Vella, Dominic CH Ng, Katherine A Price, Jeffrey R Liddell, Aphrodite Caragounis, Qiao-Xin Li, Colin L Masters, Takashi Nonaka, Masato Hasegawa, Marie A Bogoyevitch, Katja M Kanninen, Peter J Crouch and Anthony R White
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:57
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited eye disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of rod photoreceptor cells. Mutations in pre-mRNA splicing factors including PRPF31 have been identified as c...

    Authors: Jun Yin, Jan Brocher, Utz Fischer and Christoph Winkler
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:56
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Astrocytes are fundamental for brain homeostasis and the progression and outcome of many neuropathologies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) generalised hi...

    Authors: Markel Olabarria, Harun N Noristani, Alexei Verkhratsky and José J Rodríguez
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:55
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. A recently published genome-wide association study (GWAS) of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) revealed genome-wide significant association of variants in or near MS4A4A, CD2AP, EPHA1 and CD33. Meta-analyses ...

    Authors: Minerva M Carrasquillo, Olivia Belbin, Talisha A Hunter, Li Ma, Gina D Bisceglio, Fanggeng Zou, Julia E Crook, V Shane Pankratz, Sigrid B Sando, Jan O Aasly, Maria Barcikowska, Zbigniew K Wszolek, Dennis W Dickson, Neill R Graff-Radford, Ronald C Petersen, Peter Passmore…
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:54
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The activities of mitochondrial complex III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, EC 1.10.2.2) and complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase EC 1.9.3.1) are reduced by 30-70% in Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease, ...

    Authors: Seán M Kilbride, Sonia A Gluchowska, Jayne E Telford, Catherine O'Sullivan and Gavin P Davey
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:53
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. In Parkinson's disease there is progressive loss of dopamine containing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The neuronal damage is not limited to the substantia nigra but progresses to other regions...

    Authors: Sowmya V Yelamanchili, Amrita Datta Chaudhuri, Claudia T Flynn and Howard S Fox
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:52
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects spinal cord and cortical motor neurons. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction cont...

    Authors: Wei Zhao, Merina Varghese, Shrishailam Yemul, Yong Pan, Alice Cheng, Paul Marano, Sadiq Hassan, Prashant Vempati, Fei Chen, Xianjuan Qian and Giulio M Pasinetti
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:51
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Dopamine-synthesizing (dopaminergic, DA) neurons in the ventral midbrain (VM) constitute a pivotal neuronal population controlling motor behaviors, cognitive and affective brain functions, which generation cri...

    Authors: Francesca L'Episcopo, Maria F Serapide, Cataldo Tirolo, Nunzio Testa, Salvatore Caniglia, Maria C Morale, Stefano Pluchino and Bianca Marchetti
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:49
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Parkinson's disease (PD) and cerebral ischemia are chronic and acute neurodegenerative diseases, respectively, and onsets of these diseases are thought to be induced at least by oxidative stress. PD is caused ...

    Authors: Yoshihisa Kitamura, Shotaro Watanabe, Masanobu Taguchi, Kentaro Takagi, Takuya Kawata, Kazuko Takahashi-Niki, Hiroyuki Yasui, Hiroshi Maita, Sanae MM Iguchi-Ariga and Hiroyoshi Ariga
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:48
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Recently, several lines of evidence have shown the aberrant expression of cell-cycle-related proteins and tumor suppressor proteins in vulnerable neurons of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain and transgenic mo...

    Authors: Cha-Gyun Jung, Kyung-Ok Uhm, Yutaka Miura, Takashi Hosono, Hirofumi Horike, Kum Kum Khanna, Mi-Jeong Kim and Makoto Michikawa
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:47
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. CNS myelination disturbances commonly occur in chronic white matter lesions in neurodevelopmental and adult neurological disorders. Recent studies support that myelination failure can involve a disrupted cellu...

    Authors: Justin M Dean, Art Riddle, Jennifer Maire, Kelly D Hansen, Marnie Preston, Anthony P Barnes, Larry S Sherman and Stephen A Back
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:46
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Reactive microglia are associated with β-amyloid (Aβ) deposit and clearance in Alzhiemer's Disease (AD). Paradoxically, entocranial resident microglia fail to trigger an effective phagocytic response to clear ...

    Authors: Xiao-dong Pan, Yuan-gui Zhu, Nan Lin, Jing Zhang, Qin-yong Ye, Hua-pin Huang and Xiao-chun Chen
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:45
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Prion diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathies (BSE) are transmissible neurodegenerative diseases which are presumably caused by an infectious conformational isoform of the cellular prion protein. P...

    Authors: Alex D Greenwood, Michelle Vincendeau, Ann-Christin Schmädicke, Judith Montag, Wolfgang Seifarth and Dirk Motzkus
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:44
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Oxidative stress is a key pathophysiological mechanism contributing to degenerative processes in many neurodegenerative diseases and therefore, unraveling molecular mechanisms underlying various stages of oxid...

    Authors: Arunkumar Asaithambi, Arthi Kanthasamy, Hariharan Saminathan, Vellareddy Anantharam and Anumantha G Kanthasamy
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:43
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Though originally discovered in the immune system as an important mediator of inflammation, NF-κB has recently been shown to play key roles in the central nervous system, such as synaptogenesis, synaptic plast...

    Authors: David J Shim, Li Yang, J Graham Reed, Jeffrey L Noebels, Paul J Chiao and Hui Zheng
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Evidence shows that the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and leptin reduce β-amyloid (Aβ) production and tau phosphorylation, two major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). IGF-1 expression involves the ...

    Authors: Gurdeep Marwarha, Jaya RP Prasanthi, Jared Schommer, Bhanu Dasari and Othman Ghribi
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Pleiotrophin is known to promote the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in vitro and is up-regulated in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. To establish whether pleiotrophin ha...

    Authors: Irene RE Taravini, Mariela Chertoff, Eduardo G Cafferata, José Courty, Mario G Murer, Fernando J Pitossi and Oscar S Gershanik
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:40
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The correlation between neurofibrillary tangles of tau and disease progression in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients remains an area of contention. Innovative data are emerging from biochemical, c...

    Authors: Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves, Diana L Castillo-Carranza, Urmi Sengupta, Audra L Clos, George R Jackson and Rakez Kayed
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Abnormal accumulation and aggregation of microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Loss-of-function mutation of DJ-1/Park7 can cause earl...

    Authors: Zhiquan Wang, Yu Zhang, Shi Zhang, Qianqian Guo, Yuyan Tan, Xinyi Wang, Ran Xiong, Jianqing Ding and Shengdi Chen
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:38
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Huntington's disease is caused by aggregation of mutant huntingtin (mHtt) protein containing more than a 36 polyQ repeat. Upregulation of macroautophagy was suggested as a neuroprotective strategy to degrade m...

    Authors: Qiuli Liang, Xiaosen Ouyang, Lonnie Schneider and Jianhua Zhang
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The cellular prion protein (PrPC) fulfils several yet not completely understood physiological functions. Apart from these functions, it has the ability to misfold into a pathogenic scrapie form (PrPSc) leading to...

    Authors: Hermann C Altmeppen, Johannes Prox, Berta Puig, Mark A Kluth, Christian Bernreuther, Dana Thurm, Ellen Jorissen, Bettina Petrowitz, Udo Bartsch, Bart De Strooper, Paul Saftig and Markus Glatzel
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Recent studies indicate local caspase activation in dendrites or axons during development and in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Emerging evidences point to soluble oligomeric amy...

    Authors: Ricardo A Figueroa, Veronica Ramberg, Tom Gatsinzi, Malin Samuelsson, Mu Zhang, Kerstin Iverfeldt and Einar Hallberg
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Accumulation of aberrant proteins to form Lewy bodies (LBs) is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Ubiquitination-mediated degradation of aberrant, misfolded proteins is critical for maintaining normal cel...

    Authors: Fanjun Meng, Dongdong Yao, Yang Shi, Jonathan Kabakoff, Wei Wu, Joshua Reicher, Yuliang Ma, Bernd Moosmann, Eliezer Masliah, Stuart A Lipton and Zezong Gu
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are inversely associated. To test the hypothesis that genetic elements associated with increased RA risk are associated with decreased AD risk, we evaluat...

    Authors: Christopher R Simmons, Fanggeng Zou, Steven G Younkin and Steven Estus
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by an abnormal expansion of a CAG repeat in the huntingtin HTT (HD) gene. The primary genetic determinant of the age at onset (AO) is the l...

    Authors: Elahe Taherzadeh-Fard, Carsten Saft, Denis A Akkad, Stefan Wieczorek, Aiden Haghikia, Andrew Chan, Jörg T Epplen and Larissa Arning
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Accumulation of misfolded neurotoxic Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) protein found in both familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is recognized as an important contributing factor of ne...

    Authors: Guijie Ren, Zhongcai Ma, Maria Hui, Lili C Kudo, Koon-Sea Hui and Stanislav L Karsten
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:29
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  38. Previous studies indicate a role of P2X7 receptors in processes that lead to neuronal death. The main objective of our study was to examine whether genetic deletion or pharmacological blockade of P2X7 receptors i...

    Authors: Zsuzsanna Hracskó, Mária Baranyi, Cecilia Csölle, Flóra Gölöncsér, Emilia Madarász, Ágnes Kittel and Beáta Sperlágh
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease in large part due to the sequential proteolytic cleavages that result in the generation of β-amyloid pepti...

    Authors: Hui Zheng and Edward H Koo
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:27
    Content type: Review Published on:

  40. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of motor neurons. ALS patients, as well as animal models such as mice overexpressing mutant SOD1s, a...

    Authors: Anissa Fergani, Judith Eschbach, Hugues Oudart, Yves Larmet, Birgit Schwalenstocker, Albert C Ludolph, Jean-Philippe Loeffler and Luc Dupuis
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Giant Axonal Neuropathy (GAN) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with early onset characterized by a severe deterioration of the peripheral and central nervous system, involving both the motor and the senso...

    Authors: Thibault Ganay, Alexia Boizot, Renaud Burrer, Jean Paul Chauvin and Pascale Bomont
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Animal models of human diseases are essential as they allow analysis of the disease process at the cellular level and can advance therapeutics by serving as a tool for drug screening and target validation. Her...

    Authors: Le T Hao, Arthur HM Burghes and Christine E Beattie
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Methamphetamine (METH), an addictive psycho-stimulant drug with euphoric effect is known to cause neurotoxicity due to oxidative stress, dopamine accumulation and glial cell activation. Here we hypothesized th...

    Authors: P M Abdul Muneer, Saleena Alikunju, Adam M Szlachetka, L Charles Murrin and James Haorah
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Immunization against amyloid-β (Aβ), the peptide that accumulates in the form of senile plaques and in the cerebrovasculature in Alzheimer's disease (AD), causes a dramatic immune response that prevents plaque...

    Authors: Melanie Meyer-Luehmann, J Rodrigo Mora, Matthew Mielke, Tara L Spires-Jones, Alix de Calignon, Ulrich H von Andrian and Bradley T Hyman
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. TMP21 is a member of the p24 cargo protein family, which is involved in protein transport between the Golgi apparatus and ER. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder leading to d...

    Authors: Shengchun Liu, Si Zhang, Kelley Bromley-Brits, Fang Cai, Weihui Zhou, Kun Xia, Jill Mittelholtz and Weihong Song
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Several lines of evidence indicate that memory loss represents a synaptic failure caused by soluble amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers. However, the pathological relevance of Aβ oligomers (AβOs) as the trigger of synapt...

    Authors: Ayumi Takamura, Yasuhide Okamoto, Takeshi Kawarabayashi, Tatsuki Yokoseki, Masao Shibata, Akihiro Mouri, Toshitaka Nabeshima, Hui Sun, Koji Abe, Tsuneo Urisu, Naoki Yamamoto, Mikio Shoji, Katsuhiko Yanagisawa, Makoto Michikawa and Etsuro Matsubara
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) is a peripheral neuropathy caused by the extracellular accumulation and deposition of insoluble transthyretin (TTR) aggregates. However the molecular mechanism that un...

    Authors: Robert J Gasperini, Xu Hou, Helena Parkington, Harry Coleman, David W Klaver, Adele J Vincent, Lisa C Foa and David H Small
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The identification of factors that compromise neurogenesis is aimed at improving stem cell-based approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a main pro-inflammatory cytokine an...

    Authors: Janine Walter, Silke D Honsek, Sebastian Illes, Jennifer M Wellen, Hans-Peter Hartung, Christine R Rose and Marcel Dihné
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. It is well established that both cerebral hypoperfusion/stroke and type 2 diabetes are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, the molecular link between ischemia/hypoxia and amyloid precursor pro...

    Authors: Young-Don Kwak, Ruishan Wang, Jing Jing Li, Yun-Wu Zhang, Huaxi Xu and Francesca-Fang Liao
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Fibrillar amyloid β (fAβ) peptide is the major component of Aβ plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Inflammatory mediators have previously been proposed to be drivers of Aβ pathology in ...

    Authors: Paramita Chakrabarty, Amanda Herring, Carolina Ceballos-Diaz, Pritam Das and Todd E Golde
    Citation: Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011 6:16
    Content type: Short report Published on:
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  • ISSN: 1750-1326 (electronic)

Molecular Neurodegeneration

ISSN: 1750-1326